📘14 CFR §91.130 – Operations in Class C Airspace

🚩 Overview

Class C airspace typically surrounds busy airports with radar approach control. Pilots must communicate clearly with ATC, maintain specific equipment, and follow established procedures to ensure orderly traffic flow and safety.

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✅ Key Operational Requirements

📻 1. Communications

• Establish two-way radio communication with the controlling ATC facility before entering Class C airspace.

• Maintain communication at all times while within Class C airspace.

📡 2. Equipment Requirements

• Aircraft must have:

  • Two-way radio

  • Operational Mode C (altitude-reporting) transponder

📍 3. Operations and Procedures

• Comply promptly with ATC instructions, including headings, altitudes, and clearances.

• Obtain appropriate clearances from ATC prior to entering, departing, or operating within Class C airspace.

🛫 4. Departures from Satellite Airports (Non-Towered)

• When departing from a satellite airport within Class C airspace:

  • Establish two-way radio communications with ATC as soon as practical after departure.

📢 5. Speed Limits

• Follow speed limits established by 14 CFR §91.117:

  • 200 knots indicated airspeed within 4 NM of the primary airport, at or below 2,500 ft AGL.

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🛩️ Example Scenario

You're approaching an airport within Class C airspace. Establish communication by calling ATC using your call sign and position. Once ATC acknowledges your call sign, two-way communication is established, and you may enter. Ensure your transponder is set to Mode C and follow all ATC instructions carefully.

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📌 CFI Pro Tips

• Communication and Procedures: Reinforce the importance of clear, concise radio communication and prompt adherence to ATC instructions.

• Preparation: Teach students to review airport-specific procedures, frequencies, and Class C airspace boundaries prior to flights.

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📚 Further Reading and Official References

• 14 CFR §91.130 (Full FAA Regulation): https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/chapter-I/subchapter-F/part-91/subpart-B/section-91.130

• FAA Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) - Class C Operations: https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap3_section_2.html