📘14 CFR §91.3 — Responsibility and Authority of the Pilot in Command

✏️ Plain-English Summary:

The PIC (Pilot in Command) is the final authority over the safety of the flight. That means if you’re the one listed as PIC, the FAA holds you responsible — even if someone else made a mistake. In emergencies, the PIC can deviate from any regulation if necessary to keep people safe.

✅ Key Takeaways for PPL Students:

• ✅ The PIC is in charge — no matter who’s on board

• ✅ You’re responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft

• ✅ In an emergency, the PIC may deviate from any rule to protect life/safety

• ✅ If you do deviate, and the FAA asks for a report, you must provide a written explanation (but only if requested)

✈️ Scenario:

You’re flying solo and encounter a sudden engine roughness. To avoid a possible engine failure, you land at a military field (which normally requires prior permission). ✅ Legal — as PIC, you have authority to deviate from normal procedures in the interest of safety.

Later, the FAA calls and asks for a written report. ✅ You must submit one only because they asked.

🧠 Common Misconception:

“I can’t break any rules no matter what.” Wrong — in an emergency, safety > regulations. But you better be ready to explain your decision if questioned.

🎓 CFI Teaching Tip:

Drill this into every student:

“When you're PIC, you are responsible — not your instructor, not the dispatcher, not ATC.”

Also, walk through real-world “gray area” emergencies (e.g., smoke smell, unknown weather developing) and ask:

“Would you deviate? Why? How would you explain it?”

📚 References:

• FAR: 14 CFR §91.3

• AIM 5-1-3: Emergency procedures and ATC deviations